Loa Loa filariasis worm - Living In Human Eye

Scientific classification
Kingdom         : Animalia
Phylum            : Nemathelmynthes
Class               : Nematoda
Order              : Spirurida
Super family    : Filarioidea
Family             : Onchocercidae
Genus              : Loa
Species            : Loa loa

History

• The initially justification of Loa loa infection was recorded in the Caribbean (Santo Domingo) in 1770. A French general practitioner named Mongin tried but disastrous to remove the worm through the eyes of a woman. Several years shortly, in 1778, Francois Guyot general practitioner to go surgery on the worms in the eyes of a slave from West Africa to the French craft to America.
• Identification of microfilaria was made in 1890 by ophthalmologist Stephen McKenzie. A ordinary clinical presentation loiasis, who experimental in 1895 in the coastal city of Nigeria, is produced the first name of Calabar swelling.
• This observation was made by a Scottish ophthalmologist Douglas Argyll-Robertson, but the link linking Loa loa and Calabar swelling is not realized until the time 1910 (by Dr Patrick Manson). Determination of flies Chrysops vectors renowned in 1912 by British parasitologist Robert Thompson Leiper.
• Name of Disease: Loa loa filariasis, loaiasis, Calabar swelling (Fugitiveswelling), Tropical swelling and Africa eyeworm
• HP: Flies Crysops silaceae and C. Dimidiata
• Power life: 4-17 years
• Distribution: Restricted to the forest and forest advantage in equatorial Africa are frequent drizzle

Loa loa is a filarial nematode with the intention of causes loaiasis. This is part of a assemble of bloodsucking filarial nematodes with the intention of cause lymphatic filariasis.

Morphology

• Adult worms live in sub-coetaneous tissue,
• Females measuring 50-70 mm x 0.5 mm
• Rice implement 30-34 mm x 0.35 to 0.43 mm. Worms
• Femle worms relief microfilaria with the intention of circulates in the blood all through the daytime (diurnal).
• On the sundown of microfilaria in lung blood vessels.

Disease Name
Loa loa filariasis (also renowned as loaiasis, Calabar swelling, Fugitive swelling, swelling and Tropical Africa eyeworm) eye disease caused by a nematode worm, loa loa.

Clinical symptoms
Cause interference in the eye conjunctiva and the corrupt of the nose with a cause:
•    Irritation of the eyes,
•    Eye stagnant, sick,
•    Eyelid becomes inflated.
•    Tissue swelling is not sore
•    Encephalitis

Geographical Distribution
The geographic distribution of creature loaiasis restricted to drizzle forests and swamp forests of West Africa, primarily in Cameroon and in the River Ogowe. Humans are the single natural reservoir. An estimated 12-13 million public infected with Loa loa larvae.

Lifecycle
The parasite is transmitted by Chrysops flies. Microfilaria with the intention of circulates in the blood sucked by flies and with in this area 10 days inside the insect body, microfilaria grows into infective larvae and is equipped to be transmitted to other hosts. Adult worms grow in the creature body and surrounded by 1 to 4 weeks from copulations and adult female worms relief its microfilaria.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made by result microfilaria in the blood taken all through the time or discover adult worms in the conjunctiva of the eye or subcutaneous tissue

Treatment
•    Use of dietilkarbamasin (DEC), a dose of 2 mg / kg / time, 3 era day after day pro 14 days
•    Surgery on the eye

PREVENTION

•    Avoiding bites Flies
•    OBT-2 drugs Giving some time ago a month
•    Do not often energy into the forest

Prognosis
Prognosis is ordinarily skilled as the adult worms be inflicted with been expelled from the eye and the behavior is working well.